Edició del genoma mitjançant CRISPR/Cas 9
Abstract
The genome editing is a type of genetic engineering in which the DNA is inserted, removed or replaced in the genome of an organism using specific enzymes (nucleases) or "molecular scissors". The development of new editing tools of DNA very efficient , such as CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 system allows editing genes quickly, cheaply and accurately. CRISPR is a platform for genome editing using a protein of bacterial origin (Case 9) and a guide RNA that allows integration and the integration into a specific site in the genome with the help of homologous recombination in the cells cells. (Thomas et al. 1986; Thomas and Capecchi 1986).
Until recently, the issue of DNA was not available to modify germ line cells and human embryonic. The current possibility of creating permanent changes in the DNA of gametes and embryos has been received by the scientific community in various ways, ranging from calls for ban on modifying human germ line to approval cautious research in this area. Meanwhile, the first publications have appeared attempts to edit genes in human embryos (Liang et al. 2015) (Kang et al, 2016), igniting further debate.
Keywords
Genomics edition; CRISPR technology; Human germ lineBibliographic citation
Vassena R, Veiga A. Edició del genoma mitjançant CRISPR/Cas 9. Butll Bioet. 2016;19.
Audience
Professionals
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- DS - Articles científics [407]
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