Hepatitis E: situació actual. Informe aprovat pel Comitè Científic Assessor de Seguretat Alimentària en la reunió d ’ 1 de juny de 2016
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic agent that causes acute hepatitis; in some cases, it may progress to chronic hepatitis. HEV is a non-enveloped virus, with four genotypes (G1-G4) described to infect humans. Genotype 3 and 4 also infect animals, especially pigs.
In addition to the common symptoms of liver disease, HEV is also responsible for extrahepatic disorders such as neurological syndrome, kidney damage, pancreatitis and blood problems.
Female mortality rates during the third trimester of pregnancy are particularly worrying, leading up 15-25%.
Main transmission routes of hepatitis E are drinking contaminated water, consumption of raw or undercooked meat from infected animals, parenteral transmission through blood transfusion or organ transplantation and mother to child vertical transmission.
HEV is highly prevalent in pigs, with prevalence of 100% in animals over six months. It is also found in wild boars, deer and rabbits, among other hosts.
In developed countries, transmission of infection has been due to consumption of pork, wild boar, deer or rabbit. Game meat intake has been suggested as a risk factor for acquiring the disease. HEV has been detected in pork-meat processed products.
Keywords
Hepatitis; Food-borne; Water transmission; Zoonosis
Bibliographic citation
Hepatitis E: situació actual. Informe aprovat pel Comitè Científic Assessor de Seguretat Alimentària en la reunió d ’ 1 de juny de 2016. Barcelona: Agència Catalana de Seguretat Alimentària; 2016.
Audience
Professionals
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